Congenital myasthenic syndromes (CMS) are rare inherited conditions that affect how nerves communicate with muscles. Patients typically present with muscle weakness in the first decade of life, but are often undiagnosed for prolonged periods, or misdiagnosed with other conditions, most commonly with seronegative myasthenia gravis.
CMS can be caused by changes (mutations) in one of these genes: DOK7, MUSK, AGRN or LRP4. These changes can affect how nerves and muscles communicate with each other.